How to Arrange Prepositional Phrases

Prepositional phrases act like adjectives and adverbs to add meaning to nouns and verbs. They can also be arranged to be more effective, or condensed or eliminated to cut the clutter. Heres how: Arranging Prepositional Phrases A prepositional phrase often appears after the word it modifies: A spaceship from Venus landed in my back yard. However, like adverbs, prepositional phrases that modify verbs can also be found at the very beginning or very end of a sentence: In the morning, the Venusians mowed my lawn.The Venusians mowed my lawn in the morning. In both versions, the prepositional phrase in the morning modifies the verb mowed. Rearranging Prepositional Phrases Not all phrases are this flexible, and so we need to be careful not to confuse our readers by misplacing a prepositional phrase: The Venusians swam for two hours after lunch in my pool. This arrangement gives the idea that the visitors from Venus enjoyed lunch in the pool. If this is not the case, try moving one of the phrases: After lunch, the Venusians swam for two hours in my pool. The best arrangement is one thats both clear and uncluttered. Unpacking Prepositional Phrases Although several prepositional phrases may appear in the same sentence, avoid packing in so many phrases that you confuse the reader. The sentence below, for example, is cluttered and awkward: On a rickety stool in one corner of the crowded honky tonk, the folk singer sits playing lonesome songs on his battered old guitar about warm beer, cold women, and long nights on the road. In this case, the best way to break up the string of phrases is to make two sentences: On a rickety stool in one corner of the crowded honky tonk, the folk singer sits hunched over his battered old guitar. He plays lonesome songs about warm beer, cold women, and long nights on the road. Keep in mind that a  long sentence isnt necessarily an effective sentence. PRACTICE: Rearranging Prepositional PhrasesBreak up the long string of phrases in the sentence below by creating two sentences. Be sure to include all of the details contained in the original sentence. Up and down the coast the line of the forest is drawn sharp and clean in the brilliant colors of a wet blue morning in spring on the edge of a seascape of surf and sky and rocks. Eliminating Needless Modifiers We can improve our writing by using adjectives, adverbs, and prepositional phrases that add to the meaning of sentences. We can also improve our writing by eliminating modifiers that add nothing to the meaning. A good writer doesnt waste words, so lets cut the clutter. The following sentence is wordy because some of the modifiers are repetitious or insignificant: Wordy: The steward was really a very friendly and agreeable man, quite round, rotund, and sleek, with a very costly set of dimples around his terribly pleasant smile. We can make this sentence more concise (and thus more effective) by cutting out the repetitious and overworked modifiers: Revised: The steward was an agreeable man, rotund, and sleek, with a costly set of dimples around his smile.(Lawrence Durrell, Bitter Lemons) PRACTICE: Cutting the ClutterMake this sentence more concise by eliminating needless modifiers: It was a rainy morning, dull, wet, and gray, in the early part of the month of December. Common Prepositions about behind except outside above below for over across beneath from past after beside in through against between inside to along beyond into under among by near until around despite of up at down off with before during on without

Comparing Genesis And The Epic Of Gilgamesh - 940 Words

While Genesis in the bible and The Epic of Gilgamesh have striking similarities in the sense of creation and the great flood, the interactions between the divine beings and humans differ greatly. One matter that impacts the entire relationship between gods and humans in both accounts is that the gods in the epic are not almighty beings like God in Genesis since they cannot control each other’s domain. Because of this, they must travel from place to place and work with other gods to carry out a certain task. The gods in The Epic of Gilgamesh act very much like humans and interfere more with their daily lives. In contrast, the all-powerful god in Genesis seems distant and far from having human-like characteristics and does not need to interact with other gods. At the same time, both stories display the reverence and fear humans have for the supreme beings because of their authoritative qualities. In both stories, the gods are respected and feared in some way, but at some point, humans displease the gods. To enforce His authority over all living creatures, the god in Genesis â€Å"saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth,† so He fashioned an immense flood to rid the world of the evil that He brought about (King James Version, Gen. 6.5). However, not all humans continuously sinned; He spared Noah and his family because he remained so devoted to God, then later made a promise that â€Å"waters shall no more become a flood to destroy all flesh† (Gen. 9.15). Likewise, in TheShow MoreRelatedComparing the Epic of Gilgamesh and Genesis1005 Words   |  5 Pages The Epic of Gilgamesh has many similarities to the Bible, especially in Genesis and it’s not just that the both begin with the letter â€Å"g†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢! One major similarity being the flood story that is told in both works. The two stories are very similar but also very different. Anoth er being the use of serpents in both works and how they represent the same thing. A third similarity being the power of God or gods and the influence they have on the people of the stories. Within these similarities there areRead MoreComparing Genesis And The Epic Of Gilgamesh945 Words   |  4 PagesWhile the book of Genesis in the bible and The Epic of Gilgamesh have striking similarities in the sense of creation and the great flood, the interactions between the divine beings and humans differ greatly. One matter that impacts the entire relationship between gods and humans in both accounts is that the gods in the epic are not almighty beings like God in Genesis since they cannot control each other’s domains. Because of this, they must travel from place to place and work with other gods to carryRead MoreComparing and Contrasting the Floods in Genesis and The Epic of Gilgamesh588 Words   |  3 PagesThe floods in Genesis and The Epic of Gilgamesh are in no doubt different but in so many ways similar. The two men are given a task to save humankind from a flood and succeed and are rewarded. The major basic events that take place in the stories a similar however the smaller details of them and how they are carried you are different. They two also tells us a lot about the relationship between humans to Divinity. The floods in The Epic of Gilgamesh and Genesis 6-9 are very similar. In both theRead More Comparing the Epic of Gilgamesh Flood Myth and Book of Genesis Biblical Flood Myth1792 Words   |  8 PagesComparing the Gilgamesh and Genesis Floods      Ã‚  Ã‚   The rendition of the historic, worldwide Flood recorded in Genesis of the Old Testament is similar to the account recorded on Tablet 11of the Sumero-Babylonian version of the epic of Gilgamesh, discovered in the 1800’s by British archaeologists in Assyria. Let us compare the two in this essay.    Alexander Heidel in his book, The Gilgamesh Epic and Old Testament Parallels, provides a background for the survivor of the Sumero-BabylonianRead MoreGilgamesh VS â€Å"Genesis†: Noah and the Flood1121 Words   |  5 Pagesthe passage of time- Richard Dawkins†. We all know the breath taking story of the Genesis flood, but have we ever noticed how similar it is to the Epic of Gilgamesh. Genesis is the story of how one God created mankind, along with everything else on Earth, and what punishments he put upon them when they acted wrong .Genesis is a chapter in the Holy Bible, which was written in the 18th century B.C. by Moses. Genesis is a Hebrew story about the creation of life and how God once destroyed it and EarthRead MoreSimilarities Between Paradise Lost And Paradise Lost1239 Words   |  5 PagesParadise Lost comparison to three epics of antiquity There are many ways to compare and contrast Paradise Lost with the three other epics of antiquity. The epics are Paradise Lost, Aeneid, The Epic Gilgamesh, and The Iliad. The most obvious difference is era. Paradise Lost is an epic poem from the 17th century and is written in blank verse which is the most modern phrasing method. According to an article on Enotes, out of the other three epics, the Iliad and Aeneid came from the same dactyllicRead MoreSimilarities Between Gilgamesh And Noah818 Words   |  4 Pagesbooks of the Pentateuch, and the Confusion of Tongues compared to the Tower of Babel. However, I will focus on the Epic of Gilgamesh, comparing and contrasting it to the Biblical narrative of Noah. While both the Epic of Gilgamesh and the Biblical narrative of Noah explore a global flood, there are key differences in their use of gods and the specific details of the flood. Gilgamesh and the Biblical narrative of Noah seem to parallel each other. First, both have a significant protagonist, UtnapishtimRead MoreFlood, Atrahasis Flood And The Epic Of Gilgamesh Flood1354 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the Genesis Flood, Atrahasis Flood and the Epic of Gilgamesh flood, there are many different ways to interpret the different views of The Flood. These different narratives in these stories have their own explanation on how this myth took place and the different beliefs that occurred during this flood. The way you portray each narrative is based on what exactly your beliefs are. When comparing the Genesis Flood narrative to that of the Gilgamesh Flood narrative, there are many similarRead MoreEssay on The Theme of Knowledge in Gilgamesh and Genesis940 Words   |  4 Pagespeople of biblical times as well as those of the epic era. However, their stories have some differences according to cultural variation but the main structure, ideas, and themes are generally found correlative. It is hard to believe that one work did not affect the others. The first great heroic epic poem of Gilgamesh and the Old Testament are parts of two cultures that are hundreds of years apart. Whereas Gilgamesh is a myth and the book of Genesis is the basis of many religions, they both have notablyRead More Flood in Epic of Gilgamish and Book of Genesis of the Holy Bible873 Words   |  4 PagesThe Flood in The Epic of Gilgamish and The Bible The story of the great flood is probably the most popular story that has survived for thousands of years and is still being retold today.   It is most commonly related within the context of Judeo-Christian tradition.   In the Holy Bible, the book of Genesis uses the flood as a symbol of Gods wrath as well as His hope that the human race can maintain peace and achieve everlasting salvation.   The tale of Noahs Ark begins with Gods expression

Philosophy Philosophy And Philosophy - 1035 Words

As a student in Richland college, I have never studied philosophy before, and I have heard very bizarre claims about what philosophy is. For that reason, I wanted to take a philosophy class so I can learn more about it. Due to lack of knowledge, I used to think philosophy as involving a kind of mystical significant, sometimes resulting from observing problems without solutions. In addition, sometimes I accustomed that philosophy is nothing more than a name that does nothing more than feelings of personal viewpoints made to seem more clever than they really are. Before registering for the class, I read some articles that have been written by some philosophers and I realized that they make researches which are based in reasons and facts. Since I started taking the class, I understood what philosophy really is. Philosophy, by meaning is love of wisdom. In a comprehensive sense, philosophy is an activity people assume when they seek to understand basic truths about themselves and the relationships to the worlds and to eachother. Like science, philosophy consists of a number of disciplines such as logic and metaphysics that help understand the concept of the course clearly. I learnt about what makes reasoning a good reasoning. Reasoning helps us realize truths and gives technniques for establishing whether claims of any sort are true. I also learnt about rightness and wrongness. Philosophy emphasizes more about all aspects of this world that we live in. It talks aboutShow MoreRelatedPhilosophy : Philosophy And Philosophy1292 Words   |  6 Pages As a student at Richland college, I have never studied philosophy before, and I have heard very bizarre claims about what philosophy is. For that reason, I wanted to take a philosophy class so I can learn more about it. Due to lack of knowledge, I used to think philosophy as involving a kind of mystical significant, sometimes resulting from observing problems without solutions. In addition, sometimes I accustomed that philosophy is nothing more than a name that does nothing more than feelingsRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Philosophy And Philosophy998 Words   |  4 PagesPhilosophy is the attempt at answering or understanding the questions that the being who is philosophizing yearns to know or wishes to understand. The importance of what the philosopher wishes to know or understand is not a determinate factor in what it means to do philosophy. The act of doing philosophy is not defined by the subject of examination but by the driving passion of knowing and understanding. This means th at an individual that wishes to know why a laptop is a laptop or why is it thatRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Philosophy And Philosophy1451 Words   |  6 Pages Philosophy is recognized by the questions being asked, and the methods used to answer them. These questions are usually the ones that are open-ended, abstract, or the ones that lead to controversial answers. Due to the openness in philosophy, the uncertainty, there is not just one viewpoint that is completely accepted by all to be true. This leads to many disputes and conversations that are ultimately driven by the core of philosophy, which is its latin translation, the love of wisdom. Now, theRead MorePhilosophy And Philosophy Of Philosophy Essay2033 Words   |  9 PagesWhat is philosophy? Philosophy could be defined in many ways, but I believe that the Oxford dictionary defines it best: â€Å"The study of the theoretical basis of a particular branch of knowledge or experience or a theory or attitude that acts as a guiding principle for behaviour†. That definition basically encapsulates the entirety of what we have discussed during the time that we have been in this course. It covers the basic ideals of both eastern and western philosophy quite eloquently over the spanRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Philosophy1122 Words   |  5 Pagesof whether philosophy from hundreds of years ago, are still relevant to today and the society of which we live? The answer, simply put is yes. It is still relevant because we still do question everything, we still wonder about topics that were discussed back then, and because philosophy is the basis of critical thinking, a quality that is still useful today. We often ask questions, which in turn led us to the discovery of the discipline of philosophy. The primary reason for philosophy is to gainRead MorePhilosophy And The Modern Philosophy2035 Words   |  9 PagesUpon talking about the history of modern philosophy, one of the most important philosophers, who is considered as the father of the philosophy in this period, is Descartes. He was a pioneer for the movement of the new trend of philosophy and became a break between the medieval philosophy and the modern philosophy. Being educated in the environment of medieval philosophy, specifically in the school of Jesuits, Descartes received the system of scholastic philosophy as his foundation for making a new startRead MorePhilosophy And Its Importance Of Philosophy861 Words   |  4 PagesPhilosophy and Its Importance Doing philosophy as many philosophers demonstrate over time and in the present is to simply question the understanding of what is known and not known or accepted and unaccepted. This is to say, that philosophers must question all aspects of life and all the surrounding dimensions of the world. In doing so, the philosopher is trying to grasp a firmer or different understanding of the truth that is either presently or not presently known; whether comforting or not comfortingRead MorePlato, Philosophy, And Philosophy929 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Plato is philosophy, and philosophy, Plato.† – Ralph Waldo Emerson. This was the first quote I read regarding Plato when I first picked up the Great Dialogues of Plato, and turned it over to read the back cover. This quote struck me for some unknown reason and I instantly couldn’t wait to begin reading the dialogues of Plato and begin to understand why he is regarded as one of the great philosophers. The first pi ece I read, was The Apology, spoken by the great philosopher Socrates and writtenRead MorePhilosophy624 Words   |  3 PagesSurname Instructor Course Date Survey of Mexican Philosophical Thought The philosophy of the Mexicans is a production of philosophers from ancestries from Mexico, residing either within or outside the country. The general philosophy surfaced with the introduction of the first school by the Spanish conquerors, with teaching and publications on philosophical treaties. As such, it is critical to deny that these thinkers got education from the European schools, making it quite impossibleRead MorePhilosophy1334 Words   |  6 Pagescoworker to complete the tasks that were assigned to him. Political Philosophy Political philosophy is a major study area of philosophy. Searching for problems and solutions is political philosophy; the burdens that are problems for societies at that time are researched so that a solution can be addressed properly. One major area of study under the broad umbrella of philosophy is political philosophy. Political philosophy is always searching for a solution to the problems that burden societies

Life Essay Summary Example For Students

Life Essay Summary By: Bob Lifes End Life is like Coca-Cola. It is greatly anticipated when brought forth, greatly enjoyed during its existence, and greatly missed when its gone. As in Do Not Go Gently In that Good Night by Dylan Thomas, many people get to the end of their lives and only then do they realize what they have missed. They realize that there is something that they just did not do in life and they try to do that thing before lifes end. The poem is based around five people. There is a wise man, a good man, a wild man, a grave man, and a father. For some reason, others more obvious than the ones before them, they have reached lifes end. They are about to pass on into the next life; however, before they can pass on they each have some issue or loss in life that they must fix. The first example in poem is the wise man. Wisdom is often associated with age and maturity. According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, the word wisdom means the accumulated philosophic or scientific learning, the ability to discern inner qualities and relationships. It also means good sense, generally accepted belief, a wise attitude or course of action and the teachings of the ancient wise men. If that is true then what does one so keen, so aware of how living things must cease to live, have to fix? Dylan Thomas appears to be telling us that wise men fear that they have not given their wisdom to others appropriately. It seems that wise men worry that all the wisdom they have accumulated over the many years of their existence was of no matter. Thomas has an eloquent way of phrasing things, Though wise men at their end know dark is right Because their words had forked no lightning they Do not go gentle into that good night (Thomas ll. 1-6). To reiterate my point Thomas used the term of forked lightning this represents the wise mens words. Lightning has been associated with God like activities since forever. For instance, in Greek mythos there were many Gods. The king of the Gods was named Zeus. When Zeus wanted to get the attention of someone or wanted to prove his authority he would use lightning. So when the wise men had forked no lightning it meant that they cold not get the attention of anyone. The second person in the poem is the good man. Good, like bad, have different meanings for different people. In William Shakespeares tragedy Julius Caesar the character in the story Mark Anthony said, The evil that men do lives after them; the good is oft interred with their bones (Shakespeare 876). Good men according to Thomas are so because of the deeds they do. Their problems are always put into the background as they go forward to help others. The good people are heroes. They do things that are to be expected to be done and do not ask for reward. Thomas says Good men, the last wave by, crying how bright / Their frail deeds might have danced in a green bay (Thomas ll. 7-8). In these lines it seems that Thomas is also saying that only at lifes end were they boastful and maybe if they lived a little for themselves their life would not have been a waste. The wild man is third character in the poem. Wildness is often associated with being carefree. The lack of caring and adventure are great, but soon the realization that when you live for the next minute time passes by and the moment is lost. You must cherish each moment for the next moment may be your last. Also you must take time to see what is going on around you and not look toward the future. In the movie Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace, the character Qui-Gon Jinn has a dialogue with another character in the movie, Obi-Wan Kenobi. .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3 , .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3 .postImageUrl , .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3 , .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3:hover , .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3:visited , .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3:active { border:0!important; } .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3:active , .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3 .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u74a4f162662299e43901e6861c9325b3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Superstring Mystery -- Theory Of Everything? Essay Qui-Gon says, Keep your concentration here and now where it belongs. Obi-Won ponders by saying, But Master Yoda said I should be mindful of the future. Qui-Gon ends the conversation by saying, But not at the expense of the moment (Lucas). Thomas was clever in describing time when he wrote about the wild man. Time seems to be against him more than any other is, because he never took time to stop and feel the wind blow. Thomas furthermore loosely associates the wild man with the story of Icarus. Icarus was a Greek character from Greek mythology. He and his father, the inventor HYPERLINK /mythica/articles/d/daedalus. html Daedalus , decided to escape a prison by using wings built by Daedulus. If they flew to close to the sun the wax holding the wings together would melt. Icarus was so exhilarated to be free and fly he ignored the idea and perished. Daedulus was so saddened by the loss of his son he named the sea in which his son died the Icarian Sea. Thomas writes, Wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight, / And learn, too late, they grieved it on its way, / Do not go gentle into that good night (Thomas ll. 11-12). He associates it in the sense that the wild man was so happy to be free he risked time, which is all people really have against them. The fourth person is the grave man, the man who dwells on death. He saw death coming a mile away and cringes in the appearance of his scythe. He sits and mourns his loss, but forgets to cherish what time he has left. Thomas again uses light and darkness as stages in existence: Grave men, near death, who see the blinding sight / Blind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay (Thomas ll. 13-14). The grave mans point of view is only that he is going to die and not that he still lives. He is so depressed when it comes to the darkness that he lets it smother him and he cannot see the light for it. If he would only fight the death a little he would realize that life is beckoning him not the other way around. Finally, Thomas digs deep into his own soul and talks briefly of his father. A father who is at lifes end. Elizabeth Kubler-Ross writes that death is often unexpected: It is a fact, however, that thousands of adults and children die suddenly and unexpectedly. This means that the survivors are not prepared and often react with great shock and numbness to the tragic news at a time when clear thinking and fast actions are mandatory (Kubler-Ross 163). Thomas writes, And you, my father, there on the sad height, / Curse, bless, me now with your fierce tears, I pray / Do not go gentle into that good night. / Rage, rage against the dying of the light (Thomas ll. 16-19). It seems that all Thomas wants is a reaction as his own father dies before his own eyes. It does not matter what reaction as long as his father fights. It sounds like he feels that his father is like the grave man. He is giving up before the battle is even near being fought. No one enjoys the fact that soon there comes a lifes end, but it does. The problem is that people often try to find what they have not done in life instead of what they have. The past is a play, whether or not you as a character in the great play have a big part or little one it does not matter. What matters is that you appreciate what you did in life and what you have gained from being alive. Bibliography Works Cited Kubler-Ross, Elizabeth. Living With Death and Dying. .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4 , .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4 .postImageUrl , .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4 , .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4:hover , .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4:visited , .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4:active { border:0!important; } .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4:active , .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4 .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u721c8c823c0613f6eb66197add8e05e4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Martin Luther King Jr vs Malcolm X Essay New York: MacMillan, 1981. Lucas, George. Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace. Hollywood: 20th Century Fox, 1999. Shakespeare, William. Julius Caesar. The Complete Works of William Shakespeare. London and Glasgow: Collins. 876. Thomas, Dylan. Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night. Literature and Ourselves. Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers, 1997; 553. Word Count: 1295

Shakespeare Name Essays - William Shakespeare,

Shakespeare Name Was the man we know as Shakespeare really the author of the "Shakespearean Works"? We know little about the man called Shakespeare, Did he really write the plays, or is he just a man that got confused within history? (Sobran 44) There is not even a correct spelling of this mans name, Some of the spellings include Shakspere, Shakespeare, And Shaxpere. Shakespeare, Is it the man, Or is it another? (Hayes 1D) Shakespeare is both fact and fiction, he was no concern until nearly two hundred years after he perished, and there is still no definite or probably will there ever be a conclusion to this mystery. (Sobran 44) There is another man that can be attributed with the works of "Shakespeare", His name is Edward DeVere, the 17th Earl of Oxford. (Bethell 47) The man known as Shakespeare does not fit perfectly into the necessary criteria to determine the author of these works. Thomas Looney invented a series of criteria that had to be filled, in order to be a possible candidate for the authorship of the Shakespearean works. To have all the knowledge that is portrayed in the works, the author must have accomplished many things. These including a superior education, from what we know of "Shakespeare", this was not a possibility.(Bethell 46) We do not even know if Shakespeare has ever written anything in his life, Nor do we know that he was paid for writing these works. The man Shakespeare does not even make a claim that he is the author.(Bethell 50) He may not have been able to write the simplest thing of all, His own name.(Hayes 1D) Its not how little we know about Shakespeare that causes confusion and difficulty, Its the things that we do know about this man that cause the confusion and difficulty. We know Shakespears father, a glover,trader, and landowner, could not write. When he signed documents, he simply made an "X", This is why it is beleived that Shakespeare could not write also, Because he probably did not attend school therefore his education was passed down from his father. (Bethell 48) Shakespeare's farther married Mary Arden, the daughter of an affluent landowner of Wilmcote. John Shakespeare was ambitious, We do know much more about the man Edward DeVere. We know that because deVere was a nobleman, he could not have his name written upon his writings because he would be considered of a lower class. The plays contain a sense of hate towards some of the noblemen of that time period, which also point the authorship towards DeVere. (Hayes 1D) When DeVere was a young man, he spent a lot of time in Italy and Europe, This could explain the great detail used in the Shakespearean plays of Venice, and other European locations.(Sobran 45) The sonnets have never been able to fit into Shakespears life, On the other hand they fit into DeVere's life well. (Sobran 45) There are facts that lean both ways in this age old mystery of authorship, Though the Strafordian man does not fit into the story very well, He may have some advantages that the Oxfordian man may not. DeVere on the other hand, has mostly every fact pointing towards him as the valid author for the "Shakespearean" works, From his education, to his experiences, to his travel. The Oxfordian seems to come out on top. How do we know that Shakespeare wrote Shakespeare?. We dont actually, We can only assume that Shakespeare wrote Shakespeare. Yet there will always be the people who feel that he didnt write his own work and say that he is just a myth and not a man. The world can only be in wonder if Shakespeare wrote his own work because there is no evidence that he really did. Even if there was there would still be the people who say that he didnt.

Cognitive Misers Essays

Cognitive Misers Essays Cognitive Misers Essay Cognitive Misers Essay Cognitive misers are used in an attempt to conserve cognitive energy in everyday life. These strategies are adopted to simplify complex problems. Some information is ignored to reduce the cognitive load (Aronson, 2007, p. 122). This is demonstrated in the movie 12 Angry Men. The jurors discuss the case with a Puerto Rican teenager from the slums as the defendant. Juror number seven states that the defendants background doomed him to lead a criminal life. Juror number four supports him by citing a study about how slum conditions breed criminals (Lumet, 1957). People use reference points and contrast effects to make an object appear better or worse, depending on what it is compared to (Aronson, 2007, p. 123). Juror number three uses his relationship with his own son, and seems to believe that the defendant is guilty because he is a teenager who has routine conflicts with his dad (Lumet, 1957). Priming is a procedure based on the notion that ideas that have been recently encountered are more likely to come to mind, and therefore to be used in interpreting events (Aronson, 2007, p. 126). In this movie the jurors, fresh from the courtroom, took a preliminary vote to see whos where. Juror ten was talking as though it were a forgone conclusion that the defendant was guilty. Eleven out of the twelve jurors voted guilty (Lumet, 1957). Framing is the drawing of different conclusions based on how the data is presented (Aronson, 2007, p. 129). Juror number eight demonstrated framing when he presented a switchknife identical to the murder weapon. The murder weapon had been presented during the trial as a very unique knife of unusual design. However, juror eight had bought one exactly like it at a pawnshop two blocks from the crime scene. In doing this juror eight changed the original framing of the murder weapon as unique, as was indicated during the trail (Lumet, 1957). Primacy effect Primacy effect is the tendency for the first items presented in a series to be remembered better or more easily, or for them to be more influential than those presented later in the series (Aronson, 2007, p. 95). The jurors adjourn to the jury room where juror three is the first to mention that this is an open and shut case implying that the defendant is guilty prior to deliberations (Lumet, 1957). Attention decrement occurs when later items or information get less attention. Minds tend to wander thus, they have less impact on judgments (Aronson, 2007, p. 134). This happens as the movie progresses. Information from the trial becomes less acute as juror eight argues that it is possible that the defendant may have lost his knife like he claimed. Juror six admitted he was convinced very early in the case that the defendant was guilty (Lumet, 1957). Interpretive set is a term used when the initial items or information create an initial impression and are used to interpret subsequent information (Aronson, 2007, p. 134). For example, neighbors from across the hall to the crime scene stated that they heard the defendant arguing with is dad around eight that evening. They stated that the dad hit the defendant twice and saw the boy run angrily out of the building. Although no one saw the boy return later that night the neighbor downstairs stated that around Midnight he heard someone yell out, Ill kill you, and heard a body hit the floor seconds later, and he looked out to see him running out of the building. The jurors connected these segments of information and connected them together as though there was an accurate positive identification of the defendant (Lumet, 1957). Judgmental heuristics Judgmental heuristics is used as a quick easy way of making a decision on how to solve problems at hand. Heuristics require little thought and only the ability to choose a strategy and apply it directly to a problem (Aronson, 2007, p. 135). The types of heuristics are the representative heuristic, availability heuristic, and attitude heuristic. Representative heuristic is the focus on the similarity of one object to another to infer that the first object acts like the second object with the expectation that the information to fit expectations. The halo effect also applies to physical characteristics such as attractiveness and appearance or expectations (Aronson, p. 136). In the movie juror number ten takes every opportunity to apprise the other jurors of his knowledge of these people when he refers to the defendant. He says that they are fighting all the time, they get drunk, and human life doesnt have the same meaning to them as it does to us. Juror number ten describes the defendants ethnic group very negatively and compares them to us. He is trying to convince the other jurors that because he knows how some Puerto Ricans behave then the defendant also behaves this way (Lumet, 1957). Availability heuristic is when we focus on specific examples that come most readily to mind depending upon what we have experienced (Aronson, p. 138). Juror number ten has had negative experiences with Puerto Ricans and assigns the result of those experiences upon the young defendant who is also Puerto Rican. Juror number three has had very bad experiences with his own teenage son, and views the teenage defendant with the same anger as he does his own son. These experiences influence the attitudes of these jurors (Lumet, 1957). Attitude heuristic is the use of preexisting evaluations to assign information to a favorable or unfavorable category according to our own attitude on the subject (Aronson, p. 140). One form of attitude heuristics is the halo effect, a bias in which favorable or unfavorable impressions of a person affect our inferences and future expectations about that person. The halo effect also applies to physical characteristics such as attractiveness and appearance (Aronson, 2007, p. 141). In the movie juror number ten places a strong negative bias on the defendant due to his ethnicity, which seems to be his only reason for believing in his guilt. Whereas, juror number three does the same thing concerning the fact that the defendant is a troubled teenager and had problems with his dad (Lumet, 1957). Another form of attitude heuristics is the false-consensus effect. This is the tendency to overestimate the percentage of people who agree with us (Aronson, 2007, p. 141). It appears that in the beginning of jury deliberations that this is an open and shut case. Jurors one, three, seven, and twelve fully believe that the defendant is guilty and raise their hands quickly during the preliminary vote. Jurors two, five, six, eleven, and nine pause for a moment, then slowly raise their hands as well. Juror eight is the lone dissenter. The other jurors are apparently surprised it isnt so open and shut a case after all (Lumet, 1957). Categorization and stereotypes Two methods of categorization and stereotypes are self-fulfilling prophecy and illusory correlation. Self-fulfilling prophecy is the process by which expectations and stereotypes lead people to treat others in a way that makes them conform to expectations (Aronson, 2007, p. 145). In the movie juror ten uses his stereotype of Puerto Ricans to treat the information in the trial consistent with his own expectations of how Puerto Ricans interact. Juror three does the same thing because of his own expectations of how teenagers behave. Juror four also has specific expectations because the defendant is from the slums (Lumet, 1957). The illusory correlation is when one expects to see a relationship, and see it, though there is in fact no relationship present (Aronson, 2007, p. 145). In the movie the jurors see a relationship between the fight between the dad and the defendant that occurred at 8:00 p.m. and the murder which happened at around Midnight. This relationship was dissolved by juror eight. The neighbors across the hall saw the boy run out after the argument at 8:00 p.m. He had to go by their door to leave. The downstairs neighbor didnt see anything but claims to have seem the boy run out of the building after he heard the threat Ill kill you and the body hit the floor. However, juror eight pointed out that the downstairs neighbor had a limp and couldnt move fast enough to have gotten to the front window to see anyone run outside. In-group and out-group effects The in-group is the group you belong to, and the outgroup is everyone else. The consequences of dividing the world into these two worlds is the homogeneity effect, and ingroup favoritism. Homogeneity effect is when everyone belonging to the out-group perceived as being similar to each other (Aronson, 2007, p. 146) In the movie jurors two, five, six, eleven, and nine hesitated to raise their hands to vote guilty during the preliminary vote at the beginning of deliberations. These jurors eventually changed their vote to not guilty before the other jurors who had voted immediately for guilty at that time. Juror eight was originally alone in voting not guilty and was the original out-group in this case. Eventually the tables are turned and all jurors vote not guilty with the exception of juror number three who then is in the out-group all alone (Lumet, 1957). This created an in-group favoritism which is the perception that your own group as superior to others. The jurors who stood resolute against juror eight fully believing that he was wrong and were going to help him understand why. Instead they were convinced that they had been wrong. Now they are in the not guilty in-group against the last remaining guilty voter. The conclusion of the movie has the not guilty voters standing opposite juror ten with a distinct attitude of superiority about them (Lumet, 1957). Memory as reconstructive is when memories are created from bits of information filtered through what we think might have been, or should have been, or what we would have liked it to be, and by what others tell us about it (Aronson, 2007, p. 147) in the movie juror eight couldnt vote guilty because it would send the defendant to the electric chair. On the other hand, juror three claimed he would pull the switch himself. Juror eight liked the idea that the defendant be not guilty because of his reticence in sending the defendant to his death. While juror three liked the idea of the defendant being guilty perhaps as a catharsis to the anger he felt at his own son (Lumet, 1957). Confirmation bias is selective thinking where one tends to notice and look for things that confirm an impression or belief and ignore things that contradict them (Aronson, 2007, p. 157). In the movie the stronger personalities said the defendant was guilty and the weaker jurors went along in the beginning. After juror eight voted not guilty he proceeded to convince the other jurors that they needed to discuss the case in detail. He looked for things throughout the entire process that ignored issues that contradicted his not guilty vote. Instead he cast doubt on the witnesses, and the evidence. Juror three ignored everything juror eight revealed until the very end because it contradicted his belief that the defendant was guilty (Lumet, 1957). Hindsight bias is sometimes called the I-knew-it-all-along effect, the inclination to see past events as being predictable (Aronson, 2007, p. 158). After the preliminary vote juror number ten shook his head and said, Boy oh boy, theres always one implying he somehow knew someone would vote not guilty (Lumet, 1957). Attitude accessibility is when we associate an object with our attitude, highly accessible attitudes more likely to guide behavior (Aronson, 2007, p. 162) In the movie the jurors placed a strong association between the switchknife and the defendant buying one early on the evening of the murder. Testimony confirmed that the defendant was real handy with a knife. Juror eight bought one at a pawnshop two blocks from the crime scene and showed that the switchknife may not be as unique as was indicated in the trial. Although no one was actually in the room to properly identify the defendant at midnight when the crime took place, the jurors also placed a strong association between the argument at eight oclock that evening and the murder (Lumet, 1957). Biases in social explanation Fundamental attribution error is the tendency to overestimate the importance of personality factors rather than situational factors when describing and explaining the causes of social behavior (Aronson, 2007, p. 167). No one really knows the personality of the defendant. They do know he fought with his dad and had a criminal record. It appears as though they are attributing his personality to be that of a hoodlum, instead of a troubled teenager, therefore, capable of murdering his dad. Juror seven states that the defendants background doomed him to lead a criminal life (Lumet, 1957). Actor-observer bias is the tendency for actors to attribute their actions to situational factors while observers attribute the same actions to personality factors. (Aronson, 2007, p. 170). The jurors only know that the defendant said nothing in his own defense. The defendant found himself in a situation that was outside of his control. The police had no other leads and focused on him instead of investigating the crime. It wasnt until juror eight mentioned that the police questioned the defendant in one room while his dad lay dead in the other room that the idea of emotional stress arose. No one thought that the boy might be in shock nor able to think coherently due to grief at the loss of his dad. Some jurors are assuming that he did the crime since he had a criminal history for juvenile offenses, and perhaps hated his dad. Other jurors are using their own personal issues sway them into believing the defendant is guilty (Lumet, 1957). Self-serving bias: The tendency to make dispositional or personality attributions for our successes and to make situational attributions for our failures (Aronson, 2007, p. 172). Juror three Reminded of his own familys personal crisis, Juror # 3 tells the jurors of his own disrespectful, teenaged boy who hit him on the jaw when he was 16. His son is now 22 years old, and he hasnt seen his son for two years. The juror is embittered at the failed relationship with his son, Kids! Ya work your heart out. Thus, blaming the situation between his son and himself instead of realizing that he may have been a bad father (Lumet, 1957). Egocentric thought is the tendency to perceive ourselves as more central to events than is actually the case (Aronson, 2007, p. 173) In the movie juror eleven is an egocentric salesman in the sense of being self-absorbed. He wants to be the focus. So, he talks about himself, and is only partly engaged in the deliberations of the jury. His self-absorption and lack of focus on the case explain his flip-flopping from guilty, to not guilty, to guilty, and back to not guilty. Juror three tries to make himself the center of antagonism against juror eight. Juror eight is the center of events as he is the one calling for all of the discussion in the attempt to prove there is a reasonable doubt in this case (Lumet, 1957).

Control & instrumentation engineering Lab Report

Control & instrumentation engineering - Lab Report Example Also, the machine runs on all types of quality of clothes and has no effect on the lower quality It is also assumed that the input from the environment is the same for different environmental conditions with a constant room temperature of 25degrees Celsius. The control program is also assumed to be an open loop control system where by the input data is generated from sensors within the machine, thus errors that might occur due to the incorrect measurements are accounted for within the control Laplace transforms equation. His allows for a smooth operation with little disruptions from the interrupts to the system as a result of input values. The open nature of the control loop subjects the system to technical errors such as the continuous gain in the systems hence the project assumes they are accounted for by the Laplace transform equation. The program is expected to respond in real time to changes in the variables from its environment. Once the door is opened, no response is expected until the door is closed and a start button is pressed where the start and locked led lights are automatically switched on. This is a response from the input and a state indicator of the processing activity. All the buttons are linked through a PLC link and act as sensors in this project where the user determines the exact input values. Automatically the machine picks up the signal to switch the hot valve and the tub fillings function. The output is documented by the lighting of the light emitting diodes on machine display panel. An input to show that the liquid sensor detector indicates the tub is full and turns on a light emitting diodesindicating the tub is half full. However, in a manual setting the sensor runs automatically sending a signal to the open loop control system. After a set time expected of the final washing machine the tub full button is pressed which allows for the signal to change and show a tub full signal and subsequently initiating a